Lazio

Italian firms B2B invoicing network Italy; few firms dominate centrality Italian Business-to-Business Invoicing Data: A Network Analysis Italian Business-to-Business Invoicing Data: A Network Analysis Valerio Astuti and Daniele Piras Bank of Italy∗ Abstract We present a comprehensive description of the network of Italian Business- to-Business commercial relationships, based on the universe of electronic in- voices collected by the Italian Tax Office. The firm-to-firm detail of the data is exploited to describe the distribution of the numbers of buyers (customers) and sellers (suppliers) per firm, the centrality of each firm in the production network, and the average distance between firms. We characterize for the first time the firm-to-firm network describing the Italian production system, and present its geographic and sectoral breakdown. The analysis reveals heavy tailed distributions for the numbers of buyers and sellers per firm, implying a scale-free structure of the network. The distributions of centrality values display heavy tails as well, indicating a strong concentration of importance in a relatively small number of firms. We estimate the tail exponents for all these distributions, finding in all cases lower exponents for downstream (buyer-side) distributions than for the upstream (seller-side) ones. Keywords: Production networks, input-output analysis, firm-level data, complex networks, power-law distributions. ∗The views expressed in the paper are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Bank of Italy. For correspondence: valerio.astuti@bancaditalia.it, daniele.piras@bancaditalia.it. 1 arXiv:2609.10227v1 [cond-mat.stat-mech] 9 Sep 2026 ...

European Commission assesses Toumeyella parvicornis spread in the Union and Italy’s Thalassa montezumae trial; Predator release limited to Campania. Protecting Italy’s stone pine forests from the critical threat posed by Toumeyella parvicornis Protecting Italy’s stone pine forests from the critical threat posed by Toumeyella parvicornis Priority question for written answer P-003438 2026 to the Commission Rule 144 Dario Nardella (S&D) A soft scale insect of the Coccidae family more commonly known as the pine turtle cochineal, Toumeyella parvicornis is a North American parasite that has already devastated hundreds of hectares of stone pine (Pinus pinea) forests in Lazio and Campania. Since it was detected in Tirrenia in 2023, the pine turtle cochineal has spread to Tuscany’s coastal pine forests and has ravaged the Parco di Migliarino, San Rossore e Massaciuccoli’s Coltano and Tombolo estates. ...